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Treasury's 'surprising' finding: While house price growth widens the gap between owners and nonowners, it decreases inequality overall

Public Policy / analysis
Treasury's 'surprising' finding: While house price growth widens the gap between owners and nonowners, it decreases inequality overall

Modelling done by a Treasury analyst concludes that while house price growth increases the divide between people who do and don’t own houses, it decreases inequality overall.

The research "surprisingly" found a 10% increase in house prices decreases wealth inequality across the population.

This is because the wealth of the wealthiest is mostly comprised of non-housing assets. For most other homeowners, housing makes up most their wealth (see graph below).

So, a house price rise gives the homeowning middle class a chance to catch up with the wealthy.  

Because the majority of households (around 64%) are homeowners, the narrowing of wealth inequality within this group is large enough for inequality across the population to fall a little.

But, when house prices rise, the wealth gap between homeowners and non-homeowners widens. 

The modelling didn’t consider how changes in the prices of other assets, like shares or commercial property, affect inequality. It isolated house price inflation and considered its effects alone.

Impact of 10% price hike relatively small

The Treasury analyst concluded the decrease in inequality across the population is slightly larger than the increase in inequality between owners and non-owners. But the change is small in both instances.

The analyst used the Gini coefficient, which measures wealth inequality as the ratio of the mean wealth gap to twice the mean wealth. It ranges from 0% for complete equality to 100% for complete inequality.

A 10% rise in house prices saw the Gini coefficient across the population fall by 0.7 percentage points from 70.8% to 70.1%. Whereas it saw the Gini coefficient between owners and non-owners rise by 0.3 percentages points from 86.4% to 86.7%.

Larger price hikes = larger divide between haves and have-nots

The analyst said, “All our results look similar in direction when we simulate larger house price increases…

“The total population Gini coefficient moves towards a lower bound of 66.4%... Meanwhile, inequality between homeowners and non-owners moves slowly towards 100%...

“Our results also look similar if we increase housing and shares at the same time, or if we include commercial property with housing. In each case, we find that the relative gap between asset owners and non-owners widens.”

The bigger picture

The analyst recognised the importance of looking at the bigger picture.

They noted the generational divide between homeowners and non-homeowners, and the fact older people have become proportionally wealthier than younger people in recent years.

The analyst also recognised there is a strong correlation between non-homeownership and being in material hardship.

While around 6% of non-ownership households are in material hardship, only 1% of households that own homes are in material hardship.

Furthermore, non-owners are almost twice as likely as owners to have high housing costs.

The analyst concluded that recognising these factors is “relevant to any discussion on how increasing house prices may be making it harder for non-owners to get onto the first rung of the wealth ladder in New Zealand”.

Limitations

An important caveat is that this research used 2018 data, as this is the latest Household Economic Survey data available.

So, it isn’t yet possible to directly measure the impact of recent rampant house price inflation.

The analyst said, “This Insight thus takes a “scenario” approach - where the effect of scenarios for house price growth on the 2018 wealth distribution and, in turn, wealth inequality, is modelled while holding all else constant.

“Note that this is a highly stylised exercise and changes in the return to other assets (such as financial assets) will also have an important effect on inequality. It is thus useful to consider the findings of this work alongside other relevant research…”

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104 Comments

the conclusion of the paper is too weird to be true.

 

 

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27

- This "research" uses 2018 data
- The increase in "Non-Housing Wealth" in 2018 could reflect large home-deposit-savings
- Houses have at least doubled since 2018, has "Non-Housing Wealth"?

This is a bazar report to release in late 2021. To borrow a term; "Clown World".

Please NOTE:
MOST people in NZ DO NOT own a house, rather MOST people in NZ live in a 'household' that is owner-occupier.

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18

Bingo

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1

Lies, damned lies, and Treasury statistics.

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3

This report is unbelievable nonsense.  Can't believe Treasury spends money on such rubbish.  So inequality is now comparing the Uber rich against to mildly rich.  Must be time for Treasury to employ some B+ students not the current bunch of highly intelligent fools.  Ditto for the RBNZ.

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26

Yes, the report is nonsense because of the assumption that housing inflation occurs in isolation to other key asset. The reality is that they are all  driven by the same fundamental monetary policies.

KeithW

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15

...inequality is now comparing the Uber rich against to mildly rich...

Battle of haves and the have yachts. Perfectly encompasses the controlling parties in New Zealand's housing policies.

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6

quite simple now.

you don't have a house your are poor

you have one house you are rich

your have many houses you are very rich

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29

And moving into the rich basket is a lot harder than it used to be. 

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18

Rich peoples are made to be rich, poor people are made to be poor. back to the medival time society 

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10

AKA ‘Tell us something we already knew’ research *groan, eye roll*

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1

Just a clown show really 

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28

Considering 40% of NZers live paycheck to paycheck, it really doesn't matter to them whether average house prices are $10k or $10mil. 

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18

Why would you save with tds at 1.5 and inflaton at 5 

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5

Considering 40% of NZers live paycheck to paycheck,

How do you get to 40%? ASB research shows only 1/3 of customers had at least $10,000 in savings and nearly half of customers have less than $1000 in savings.

So I think its fair to say that up to 65% are living paycheck to paycheck. All depends on your definitions. 

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8

I would have thought the percentage would be higher seeing as in America half the population lives paycheck to paycheck and the cost of living there is lower and the salaries higher compared to NZ. 

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3

Another spruiker adding gas to the fire.

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3

Too many spruikers here have lived their lives with their backsides in the butter.

TTP

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4

Call me cynical, but....a convenient thing for Labour to throw to the masses 'Hey, house prices are soaring, but overall it's GOOD for inequality ,so we are doing great!'

Couldn't make this dystopian shit up.

 

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37

Haha, well said HM

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2

This is what we call a 'no sh*t Sherlock' moment. How much time and effort was put into 'proving' something that I think most people already know. 

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2

Sure, the majority of people are "wealthier", but the people who don't have a house just got significantly poorer AND entrenches that wealth inequality as the poor spend (and therefore are taxed) a very high percentage of their wages. And that isn't a good thing when 40% of those are now intergenerationally poor, having no hope for their children to ever own. Because if you keep going down that road, they will, quite rightly, revolt.

All this shows is that there is a problem when looking at averages, or averages of averages, i.e. the limitations of the measuring stick.

If we had 10 people in the country that had 1 trillion each while everyone else had $2, then average wealth across everyone would be $2m, which is awesome and would make us a rich country. Right? RIGHT?

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18

One of their conclusions is that the bubble helps mid-level wealth h'holds catch up to high-level wealth h'holds because HLW hold more non-housing assets. The logic doesn't hold with me. 

Not sure how they come to this conclusion because non-housing assets have also been 'increasing in price'. 

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6

"The modelling didn’t consider how changes in the prices of other assets, like shares or commercial property, affect inequality. It isolated house price inflation and considered its effects alone."

Purely an intellectual exercise. Personally I'm skeptical that reducing inequality between the rich and the very rich makes up for increasing inequality between the poor and the rest. Hard to argue that more expensive houses leads to a better society overall.

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16

Agreed. 

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4

Helicopter money will be used next time (there will be a next time). Should have been used this time, but no, asset inflation for the lucky holders was chosen - dumb decision.

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14

Yep. As Michael Reddell put it this morning, $5.7b loss to the taxpayer, and that is just in fiscal terms. He disagrees that LSAP made a meaningful difference to the householders, as the 'wealth' accrued to assets other than houses (like government bonds).

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3

Exactly.

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1

Yes, I called for this right from the start. The RBNZ and finance minister thought they knew better than every other country doing the same and made a massive fiscal hole for us to back fill with higher taxes - which disproportionately effect the poor.  And where did they put money instead? They handed it on a platter to the already wealthy. Plus with the added benefit of a financial system that is now incredibly fragile and even more over exposed to a housing downturn.

But there is no accountability and they enriched all their property owning mates, so they will actually feel proud of themselves for such fecklessness.

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8

A few hundred years ago many people would be rioting and murdering for less ...

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2

It's a pity we don't have a populous more engaged with the issues, I would be out there with them, despite being a well paid land owner. We can blame main stream media and our inability to fund them, I guess, along with the general dumbing down of society.

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3

I think partly its that many younger folks don't necessarily understand just how brazenly they've been robbed as we've transfered that wealth to the already wealthy. If they knew, they'd be angrier.

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3

A few hundred years ago inequality included starvation and death. Im pretty sure if the masses were starving there would be mass insurrection

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1

The problem them was poverty not inequality

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1

Interesting to see the red bar below 0 for people at the bottom of the wealth distribution in figure 2. Didn't think there'd be enough people with negative equity to show up here.

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2

Student loans.  

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0

But, when house prices rise, the wealth gap between homeowners and non-homeowners widens. 

The saying No Sh** Sherlock comes to mind...

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3

So it reduces inequality by diminishing the productive sectors relative assets?

That's an astonishing take. But true, I've always bemoaned the lack of returns in you know, actually doing something.  

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18

So would any house price drop actually increase inequality? Please show me this graph!

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8

Yes it would. For example if house prices dropped to 0, most NZers would then own almost nothing, but the rich would still be very rich due to their non-property assets, so inequality would be very high. 

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4

ok - I see how they measure it... 

If I have $1 and you have $10, that's pretty unequal - I own 10% of what you have

If we are both given an extra $1 the inequality gap has reduced 

In fact I only got $1 extra and you got an extra $9 ($2 versus $19) they would say the inequality gap has reduced - even though the $ gap between us has gone from $9 to $17 ...I am supposedly 'catching up' on you because I own more that 10% of what you have

 

And this is because $billionaires don't buy $billion dollar houses

 

If we were in foot race from Wellington to Auckland - and I had barely started, and you were already in Hamilton. If I were given a bicycle and you were given a car - luckily for me I would be seen to be catching up on you by this measure. 

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9

Amazing comparison, I think these drumheads used the same calculation while drafting this report.

Seems they are oblivious to statistics and correlation, just have tried their best to cook up bullish*t but it will never taste sweet.

 

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4

When people complain about inequality, they're not usually bemoaning the gap between the wealthy and the very wealthy. This study doesn't just miss the point, it's not in the same building as the point.

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19

Or as Jules Winnfield says...[it] ain't the same ballpark. It ain't the same league. It ain't even the same sport. :)

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6

I expect the 'study' topic was carefully decided on based on the outcome they wanted to report.

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10

Articles like this are not doing the Investor.co.nz brand any good what so ever. Where's the editor????

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7

I stand 100% by the call to publish Treasury's analysis. It gives you an insight into what one of the most powerful agencies in the public sector is advising the Government. Publishing work completed by the public sector also gives the public a chance to scrutinise it and hold it to account. 

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26

I do think this was an example of 'taking the pis' out of Treasury Jenee. Not a slight to interest dot co.  

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2

I think publishing this tripe is valuable. It shows just how well Treasury live up to their reputation of being out of touch with reality, and why politicians do well to ignore the reports they produce. They are consistently wrong, academically thirty years out of step with the discipline. Only the most ardent Rogernomes need apply. Like having the Ministry of Health advised by medieval bloodletters...

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11

Jeene it implies how government receiving advise is faulty as coming with vested biased agenda

OR

Is it that government is seeking advise that they want to hear.

Just see how Empathy Queen Jacinda and her knights use this report as gospel truth.

Corruption of different type and you did a great job in publishing the report as it highlights and exposes the entire system.

 

 

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8

I suspect that it was meant to demonstrate that the government’s preferred measure of inequality “the Goni coefficient” is not fit for purpose. The pitfall demonstrated by treasury’s analysis will be common to all relative measures of inequality. Perhaps we should instead focus on material hardship instead of equality?

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0

I just searched for that website, doesn't exist... :) 

If you mean this website, what problem do you have with the article? I thought it was fine, it was concise and relayed some of the key findings and rationale. 

I appreciated reading about it, otherwise I might not have known about the nonsense that it spouts.

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6

Listen Grant, you can't make up a pseudonym on a public facing website and start rubbishing articles (or threatening the media?) for illustrating how stupid the people are in the agency you are in charge of. Bad ministering, get in the naughty box.

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5

I like making models, they can look just like anything you choose.

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3

When it comes to the puerile drivel that comes out of Wellington, nothing surprises me.  This is getting close though.

What is really disturbing is that this will not be some random opinion published by a rogue staff member of Treasury.  We can safely assume that it will have the full blessing of Treasury senior management and represent one of the main planks of their thinking.  This is an absolutely clear demonstration that our government and departments are actively and deliberately  encouraging the property ponzie that we have been experiencing for decades.  It has been fairly obvious that this has been the case, based on the fact that it has gone on so long without any meaningful effort on behalf of our elected representatives to change the situation. But this is a clear declaration that this is what they are doing.

What the hell can the public do to peacefully bring change to this situation.  Electing different governments makes absolutely no difference to the situation.  It is sad to say but I am often reminded of the JF Kennedy quote "those that make peaceful change impossible, make violent revolution inevitable"  The rise of gangs, alt-right and the anti-vaxers may well be the start of something like this.

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14

haha

forget about blockbuster movies and 'culture' (yawn, Auckland's cultural scene is arguably better), Wellington is a world class producer of 'puerile drivel'!!!!

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4

Really highlights that young folk voting for either or Natbour are voting for their own impoverishment. Not many parties around for them. Perhaps TOP, or Greens...

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4

The only vote that will produce any real and tangible improvement for them, is to vote with their feet.  All the rest are just hopes and pipe dreams that will never become reality.  20 years of watching NZ politics proves that.

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0

.

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0

The inevitable conclusion is that we need to introduce a 40 year mortgage term to assist those with difficulty hopping on to the property ladder. Doing so will help those segments of "have-nots" to partake in the prosperity of this country- leaving no one behind.

NZ prides itself being first in many things; the time has come again for NZ to shine- think win-win.

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6

Higher house prices is not prosperity, its an increase in the cost of living. 

More could share in the pleasure of owning houses if we turn the power of the RBNZ and government towards reducing house prices, with the happy side effect of reducing the cost of living. Now that would be something different to be proud of, rather than pouring more fuel onto a fire. 

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10

What has NZ pioneered? We make absolutely nothing!! Look at Birmingham UK for example. Same population as Auckland give or take. Land Rover, Jaguar, Dunlop… some truely global brands. Affordable city for property ownership. 

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4

With rubbish football teams and music.

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2

With rubbish football teams and music.

Huh? Black Sabbath is from B'ham. One of the more influential bands in rock history. 

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4

Birmingham is the greatest heavy metal city of them all!

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4

Be an optimistic Kiwi mate!

Here's some interesting stuff we came up with.

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3

Led Zeppelin too. Some pretty epic bands came out of Birmingham. Agree about the shite football teams though. NZ invented instant coffee… dreadful stuff but impressive non the less :-)

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3

tranquilizer gun

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1

From where these people come from, are they really qualified or just a cover-up squad?

Congrats Treasury has found a rare breed of fools. 

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1

"Treasury's 'surprising' finding: While house price growth widens the gap between owners and nonowners, it decreases inequality overall"

Seriously ....Jeene.....lol

THEY TOO KNOWS THE REALITY AND ARE TRYING TO SPIN AS IS OBVIOUS.

How can they get away. Arguments can be manipulated to reach end result and who better than this people.

 

THIS PROVES THAT THESE PEOPLE ARE SO USED TO SUCH BLATANT LIES THAT DO NO THINK TWICE BEFORE OPENING THER MOUTH AS THEY KNOW THAT AVERAGE KIWI WILL KEEP MUM AND WILL NOT QUESTION TO EXPOSE THEM.

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7

When I hear of inequality I think of this quote, from one member of the 24th Battalion.

“If the old world ends now with this war, as well it may, I have had visions and dreamed dreams of another New Zealand that might grow into the future on the foundations of the old. This country would have more people to share it.  There would be more children in the sands and sunshine, more small farms, gardens and cottages. Girls would wear bright dresses, men would talk quietly together. Few would be rich, none would be poor. They would fill the land and make it a nation.”

I wonder what the board members of the rbnz think of such an idea?? 

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3

Sounds like nostalgic, misogynistic, fantastical drivel. 

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0

Yeah, ironically the bloke that wrote that just fought a war to get rid of all that "drivel".

I did a google search of that quote though and found this which is an interesting read:

https://aucklanduniversitypress.co.nz/content/9781869407827.pdf

 

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1

I respect the soldier's sentiments. Nz as a whole is a rich country, there is nothing we lack

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0

The sentiments of almost all Kiwi soldiers back then would have been very positive toward the British Empire, imperialism and British colonialism in general. Attitudes would have been practically Victorian. More so in WW1 but in WW2 too.

It always makes me chuckle come remembrance days, ANZAC Day, that the soldiers being remembered would no doubt be appalled by the society of today. Of course they were much less sophisticated than us.

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1

Tell this to the highly indebted and homeless.

New Zealand’s homelessness rate is the highest among the 35 high-income countries in the OECD
 

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11

I'll point out what David Chaston pointed out to me once: 

The OECD is not a good comparative metric for homelessness, though your point is noted.

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1

I think it's worth noting. I'm in my 30s, and I remember as a child thinking visible homelessness was only something that happened overseas. I mean, there were about 3 homeless people in central Auckland, that everyone knew by sight. And now look. It's an undeniable moral decline for our country, even if we're not Brazil just yet.

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13

Maybe they were all locked away out of sight in lunatic asylums and prisons when you were a kid?

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1

I remember going to Manhattan as a teenager in 1989 when it was crime central before being cleaned up, and being astounded (and scared) by the number of homeless.

To be honest, central Auckland is probably quite close now to how Manhattan was then.

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3

I actually thought it appeared spot on with some points.

The 0.7 point change in the index while appearing small if you then add the fact it related to 2018 figures is probably right and figures to 2021 will  obviously push it quite a bit further out. The index already sat in the 70% so we appear pretty damn unequal before the covid push. 

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1

Exemplar of the uselessness of Treasury.

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4

This research is a great example of the mindless stupidity that masquerades as a study these days. Back when people actually knew stuff - even the village idiot probably could have come to the same conclusions based on pattens in the clouds. 
If this is truely considered ‘surprising’ then we are in deep shite. 
Let’s really celebrate that the moderately rich got richer - thereby making it less important that the poor are still just as poor. yay go us!

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11

I see plush brand new homes being built and occupied by bennies with multiple kids while the dummies who work and save for a home live in do ups. Where is the equality there 

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3

Those beneficiaries lucky enough to get state homes to live in don't own them. They're still paying rent. They still have little opportunity to get ahead. They're not the ones keeping young working people down.

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4

In arderns harmonious non-poluting world we all live in safety under the control of the "Government" . Covid will have taught her total control is not possible but it will not stop her trying 

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0

Looks like we don't rate very well by world standards:

https://financialpost.com/investing/david-rosenberg-canada-second-froth…

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1

Their ranking system looks flawed to me.

It completely ignores the progress we have made on addressing wealth inequalities!

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1

Let’s face it, because of the rising house price, most can enjoy life the way it is at the moment (have a job..etc). Although people complain all the time, until the next recession finally hits people will then appreciate how good life was (now).

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2

Here are some other correlations Treasury have found:

https://www.tylervigen.com/spurious-correlations.

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0

No sh*t Sherlock 

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1

Ridiculous article. True in a metric sense but terribly tone deaf when considering the applied meaning of inequality in today’s world. 

Housing has made many rich on paper, increasing their access to debt and opportunity to move and realise gains. Those without housing have suffered increased inequality as a result.

It’s the poor and struggling (esp. with recent inflation) subset of those without assets that are often portrayed when referencing inequality.

 

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2

I suspect that it was meant to demonstrate that the government’s preferred measure of inequality “the Goni coefficient” is not quite what people think it is. The pitfall demonstrated by treasury’s analysis will likely be common to all relative measures of inequality. Perhaps we should focus on material hardship instead of equality?

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1

Is it April 1st...?

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0

Jenee you started the article : Modelling done by a Treasury analyst......

It is correct as modelling can be molded to give any shape and colour and this is exactly what Treasury has done - Pleasing their political bosses for brownie points.

Let us see how Jacinda and Robertson use it to prove their point as to how they have helped in reducing inequality by supporting growing house price and though treasury says 10% (Which part of the world are they, if they are talking in current context, should it not be in 40% rise, if not more), with brains that are in government their logical brain will come out with theory that if 10% helps in reducing inequality (Which is absurd but still) imaging what 50% growth will do, it will finish ineqaulity :)

Jeene, will be interesting, if in your next interaction with government you ask them for their comment on what Treasury just released - Will like to see how they manipulate or avoid.

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4

Good call.

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1

Welcome to Orwellville where illogic is logic and sense is nonsence. 

This message has been brought to you by your government (Treasury).

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3

If a headline indicates the gist of an article, both the editorial headline as well as the article headline are both logically contradictory and absurd. The choice of double negatives (which equal a positive) are designed to play tricks on your brain.

Could have stated "increases equality".

And that type of warped logical is truely Orwellian in my view. We are really being screwed with on a serious level.

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2

Steve Keen thinks that studying economics at university is a waste of time as everything that they teach is just B/S. I think that he has a point. Listen here. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N6LkCt6si6k

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1

So as a NZ property owner I am now less unequal with Bill Gates.

Whoop de do.  Big difference I am sure. Not

Meanwhile the crazy house price explosion is New Zealand's biggest social disaster.

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4

OMG, I can't believe our taxes are used to pay for such utter, pointless rubbish

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4

All animals are equal...but some animals are more equal than others.

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1

Reading the comments, that a right on the button, sums up the quality/intellect of these brilliant idiots in the Reserve Bank and Treasury. Get rid of the bloody lot. 

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0

I look forward to Labour using this narrative when they campaign during the 2023 election. 

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